Pillow Libary in Python.

 Pillow library:  It is a lightweight image processing tool that aid in editing, creating, and saving images. Pillow supports many image file formats including BMP, PNG, JPEG, and TIFF. Python Imaging Library is a free and open-source additional library for the Python programming language that adds support for opening, manipulating, and saving many different images file formats.

How to install pillow: pip install Pillow

The most important class in the Python Imaging Library is the Image class. Defined in the module with the same name. You can create instances of this class in several ways.

 How to load an image from a file?

Open(): You can use an open () function in the Image module. object. You can now use instance attributes to examine the file contents. To read files from disk, use the open () from function. You don’t have to know the file format to open a file. The library automatically determines the format based on the contents of the file.

from PIL import Image

img = Image.open(“car.jpg")

The PIL.Image.Image class represents the image object. This function returns an Image object. You can now use instance attributes to examine the file contents.

print (img.format, img.size, img.mode)

Format: The format attribute identifies the source of an image. If the image was not read from a file, it is set to None.

Size: This attribute provides the size of the image. The size attribute is a 2-tuple containing width and height (in pixels). 

Mode: attribute defines the number and names of the bands in the image, and the pixel type and depth. Common modes are “L” (luminance) for greyscale images, “RGB” for true color images, and “CMYK” for pre-press images.

Getting the mode of the image:

The mode attribute of the image tells the type and depth of the pixel in the image.

1.     1: 1-bit pixel has a range of 0-1, black and white.

2.     L: 8-bit pixel has a range of 0-255, Greyscale.

3.     P: 8-bit pixels, mapped to any other mode using a color palette.

4.     RGB: 3X8 bit pixels, true-color with transparency mask.

How to display an image?

img.show()

This method is used to display the image. For displaying the image Pillow first converts the image to a .png format (on Windows OS) and stores it in a temporary buffer and then displays it. 

Save(): To save a file, use the save () method of the Image class.  While using the save() method Destination_path must have the image filename and extension as well. The extension could be omitted in Destination_path if the extension is specified in the format argument.

The Image class contains methods allowing you to manipulate regions within an image. To extract a sub-rectangle from an image, use the crop () method.

Resizing an image using resize():  Interpolation happens during the resize process, due to which the quality of the image changes whether it is being upscaled (resized to a higher dimension than original) or downscaled (resized to a lower Image than original). 

Filters: Python Imaging Library provides different resampling filters.

1. PIL.Image.NEAREST: Pick one nearest pixel from the input image. Ignore all other input pixels.

2.   PIL.Image.BOX: Each pixel of the source image contributes to one pixel of the destination image with identical weights. This filter can only be used with the resize () and thumbnail () methods.

The output of cropping:

The output of the show method:

The output of the resize and rotate:

The output of transposing:

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